比特币的交易过程是怎样的？
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比特币的交易（Transation，缩写Tx），并不是通常意义的交易，例如一手交钱一手交货，而是转账。交易由N个输入和M个输出两部分组成。交易的每个输入便是前向交易的某个输出，那么追踪到源头，必然出现一个没有输入的交易，此类交易称为CoinBase Tx。CoinBase类交易是奖励挖矿者而产生的交易，该交易总是位于Block块的第一笔。
拥有一个输入与输出的Tx数据：
Input:Previous tx: f5d8ee39a430901c91a5917b9f2dc19d6d1a0e9cea205b009ca73dd04470b9a6Index: 0scriptSig: 304502206e21798a42fae0e854281abd38bacd1aeed3ee3738d9e1446618c4571d1090db022100e2ac980643b0b82c0e88ffdfec6b64e3e6ba35e7ba5fdd7d5d6cc8d25c6b241501Output:Value: 5000000000scriptPubKey: OP_DUP OP_HASH160 404371705fa9bd789a2fcd52d2c580b65d35549dOP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG
一旦某个Tx的第N个输出成为另一个Tx的输入，那么该笔比特币即为已花费。每个交易有唯一Hash字符串来标识，通过对交易数据做两次SHA256哈希运算而来：
Tx Hash ID = SHA256(SHA256(Tx Data))
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